​​February-March 2021, Vol. 6, No. 2-3, pp. 43-68. 

​​​Biosorption of toxic metals from leachate using Pleurotus pulmonarius

J. D. Nanev*, I. S. Eneji, R. A. Wuana, A. U. Itodo
Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, P.M B 2373 Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

​​​*Corresponding author’s e-mail:nanevjamesdavid@gmail.com

​Abstract

​The biosorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr6+, Ni2+ and Co2+ by Pleurotus polmonarius from municipal open solid waste leachate was investigated to evaluate its effectiveness for removing toxic metals.. The composite leachate samples were analyzed for some physicochemical parameters. The results were obtained  as colour, smell, pH,  total solids,  total volatile solids, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, COD, BOD5, COD/BOD5 ratio are light brown, Malodorous, 7.79±0.02, 5993±33.0 mg/L, 228±8.5 mg/L, 887±6.5 mg/L, 12168±22.1 mg/L, 868±0.12 mg O2/L, 373±0.002 mg O2/L and 0.43, respectively while the toxic metals in the leachate were determined using AAS and their concentrations (mg/g)  for Pb, Ni, Co, Cr and Cd were 0.461±0.0010, 0.0845±0.0004, 0.2045±0.0009, 0.5211±0.0011 and 0.1565±0.0010 respectively. The biosorbent was modified and its physico-chemical properties were determined by measuring the bulk density (356.33 kg/m3), surface area (27.75 m2/g), total pore volume (0.0213 cm3/g) and pore size (1.187 nm), pH (7.32), point of zero charge pHpzc (6.40). The SEM analysis showed some cylindrical pores of various sizes on the surface of the biosorbent. The FTIR spectroscopic analysis showed the following functional groups were on its surfaces  O-H, N-H, C-H, C=N, N=N, C=C, H-O-H, C=O, C-CH3, S-O, -NH2 and C-O. Proximate analysis of biosorbent showed that crude protein content was (15.75±0.04%), moisture content (2.65±0.01%). Crude lipid (10.35±0.06%), ash content (7.32±0.01%), crude fibre (6.60±0.0 %) and carbohydrate (57.33±0.02%). The effect of contact time, initial toxic metal ion,  pH,  biosorbent dosage, temperature were carried out in batches mode. The experimental data were tested with eight experimental models.  The thermodynamic experiments were also conducted. The results from the biosorption studies proved that the biosorbent can be an effective, alternative low-cost biosorbent for the removal of toxic metal ions from leachate.

Keywords: Biosorption; Leachate; Toxic metals; Biosorbent.

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