​​January 2021, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 8-14. 

​​​The effect of Solvent on the Phytochemical and Antimicrobial activity of Arachis hypogaea Leaf

A. A. Alafy¹*, D. Kubmarawa¹, F. D. Davuram¹, S. Gwani², M. Akwaras³
¹Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Applied Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
²Department of Microbiology, Microbiology Laboratory Unit, Gombe State University,
Gombe State, Nigeria.³Department of Veterinary and Science Laboratory Technology, Federal college of Animal and Health Production Technology, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

​​​*Corresponding author’s e-mail:alafyahmedalex@gmail.com   

​Abstract

​Arachis hypogaea is one of the most common widely consumed leguminous crops in Africa. The leaf is widely used because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial tendencies. The effect of solvent on the Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Arachis hypogaea was carefully examined in this research work using ethanol, n-Hexane, ethyl-acetate and aqueous as extracting solvent. Standard methods were adopted for the Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity. The Phytochemical results shows the presence of almost all the secondary metabolite tested for such as Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Carbohydrate and Tannins in all the four crude extract except for ethanolic extract where Flavonoids was found to be absent,  so also Glycoside, Phytosterols, Steroids, Phenols, and Anthraquinones were also found to be absent  in the Aqueous extract. The antimicrobial activity of the plant ethanolic, n-Hexane, etyl-acetate and Aqueous crude extract was carried out against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Helicobactea pylori, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus and were all found to be reasonably active and effective against the tested isolate, however ethanol and aqueous solvents are better extracting medium for the Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Arachis hypogaea than the rest of the solvents used as this gives reason for the continual consumption of Arachis hypogaea as food and for medicinal purposes.

Keywords:Arachis hypogaea; Antimicrobial activity; Phytochemical analysis; Microorganism.

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