​​​​​​​June 2020, Vol. 5, No. 7, pp. 172-181. 

​​​Phytochemical Analysis and effect of methanolic root extract of Moringa oleifera on Haematological parameters and Body weight in poloxamer 407 Induced hyperlipidemic albino rats

Itodo Matthew Ocheleka¹*, Inalegwu Bawa², Agnes Ogbene Abutu³
¹Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
²Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

³Plataue State College of Health Technology, Zawan, Plataue State, Nigeria.

​​​*Corresponding author’s e-mail: ocheleka1@gmail.com

​Abstract

​The present research was aimed to study the phytochemical analysis and effect of methanolic root extract of Moringa oleifera on Haematological parameters and Body weight in Poloxamer 407 induced Hyperlipidemic Albino rats. Albino rats were grouped into 8; Group 1: Normal control given only food and water, Group 2: Hyperlipidemic control not treated, Group 2 to 8 was induced with Poloxamer 407 1000 mg/kg body weight, and however group 3 was treated with standard drugs atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). Group 4 treated with crude root extract (200 mg/kg) of Moringa oleifera and group 5 to 8 were treated with purified fraction from column chromatography. The study showed the multiple biological activities including antilipidemic, hepatoprotective, antiatherosclerotic, oxidative DNA damage protective, cardioprotective, as well as folk medicinal uses of Moringa oleifera root are attributed to the presence of functional bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside. The methanolic root extract at 200 mg/kg body weight significantly (p≤0.05) increase packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), and significantly (p≥0.05) decrease white blood cell (WBC) of the treated groups. This study supports the popular sayings about the tradomedicinal use of Moringa oleifera in the treatment of cardiovascular and other related diseases.  However it can be used in optimal concentrations to sustain animals infected with abnormal lipid in the absence of synthetic chemical drugs to prevent death to cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera; Poloxamer 407; Phytochemical analysis; Haematology; Body weight.

​References

  1. Fahal EM, Rani AMB, Aklaku MD, Chanu TI, Saharan N. Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Moringa oleifera pods. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2018;7(5):657-65.
  2. Oboma Y, Asuqwo EE. Histology, Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia Evaluation of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on Adult Wistar Rat. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research 2015;6(9):1234-40.
  3. Radha K, Syed M, Rao DS. Evaluation of Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Carica papaya seeds on wistar rats. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014;1(5):328-32.
  4. Chaudhary HR, Brocks DR. The single Dose Poloxamer 407 Model of Hyperlpidemia. Systemic Effects on Lipids Assessed using Pharmacokinetic Methods and its Effects on Adipokines. J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci 2013;16(1):65-73
  5. Hill RD, Smith RB. Examination of the Extremities: 3rd edition; The history, physical, and laboratory examination; Boston, Butter Worths 1990.
  6. Das K, Tiwari RKS, Shrivastava DK. Techniques for evaluation of medicinal plant products as antimicrobial agent: Current methods and future trends. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 2010;4(2):104-11.
  7. Sofowara EA. Medicinal Plants and Traditional medicine in Africa. 1st edition. John Wiley and Sons 1993;114-191:202-9.
  8. Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy. 16th Edition, Saunders Elsevier, Edinburgh London 2009;135-137.
  9. Adegoke AA, Iberi PA, Akinpelu DA, Aiyegno OA, Mboto CI. Study on phytochemical Screening and antimicrobial potential of Phyllanthus amarus against multiple antibiotics resistance bacteria. International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products 2010;3 (3):6-12.
  10. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th edition, Arlington, Virginia 1984;114-9.
  11. Seelinga M, Popesco R, Seephohonkai P, Singhube J, Giessrigl B, Unger C. Fractionation of an extract of Pluchea oderata seperate a property indicative for the induction of cell plasticity from one that inhibit neoplastic phenotype: Evidence-Based Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2012; ID 70192.
  12. Bawa I, Ocheleka MI, Itolo O. Effect of methanolic crude and purified root extracts of Moringa oleifera on liver enzymes activities, Kidney function and Histopathology in poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemic albino rats. International Journal of Modern Science and Technology 2020;5(5):128-36.
  13. OECD. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and development. Guild lines for the testing of chemical, 423.
  14. Chinedu E, Arome D, Ameh SF. A new Method Determining Acute Toxicity in animal Models. Toxicology International 2013;20(3):224-6.
  15. Inalegwu B, Ornuga G, Etim, EE. Effect of the Aqueous Extracts of Grewiavenusta leaves on poloxamer 407 Induced Hyperlipidemc rats. International Journal of science and Research. 2018;7(5):398-404.
  16. Cheesbrough M. District Laboratory practice in Tropical countries: Tropical Health Technology. Cambridge University Press. 2006; pp. 333-363.
  17. Ochei JO, Kolhatkar AA. Medical Laboratory Science: Theory and Practical. Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing Company Limited. 2008; pp. 169-287.
  18. Udo EJ, Manji MM, Ikpa TF, Imandeh NG. In-Vivo Evaluation of Trypanocidal Efficacy of Phyllanthus amarus Root Extracts in mice experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense. International Journal of Modern Science and Technology 2020;5(2):65-71.
  19. Vergara-Jimenez, M, Almatrafi MM, Fernandez ML. Bioactive Component in Moringa oleifera Leaves Protect against Chronic Diseases. Antioxidants 2017;6:91. doi: 10.3390/antiox6040091.
  20. Kumar ARI, Lavarasa T, Jayachandra M, Decaraman P, Aravindhan N, Padmanabhan G, Krishnan MRV. Phytochemical investigation on a tropical plant, Syzygium cumini from Kattuppalyam, Erode District, Tamil Nadu, Chupandia South India. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2009;8:83-5.
  21. Boham BA, Kocipal-Abyazan R. Flavonoids and condensed tannins from leaves of Haiwaiian Vaccinium vaticulatum and Vaccinium calycinium. Asian Journal of Pacific Science 1974;48:458-63.
  22. Dineshkumar B, Analava M, Manjunatha, M. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from murraya koenigii (rutaceae) leaves. International Journal of Phytomedicine 2010;2(11):22-30.
  23. Asheneni VP. Anti-Hyperlipidemic potential of Vitex doniana Ethanol Extracts on Poloxamer 407 Induced Hyperlipidemic and Normal Rats. M.Sc. Thesis Report. Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. 2014.
  24. Subhashi D, Singh J. Safety Assessment of Poloxamer 101 – 407, 405 Benzoate, and used Poloxamer 182 Dibenzoate as used in Cosmetic. International Journal of Toxicology 2018;27(2):93-128.

International Journal of Modern Science and Technology

INDEXED IN 

ISSN 2456-0235